Spotlights
Minnesota DNR Classifies 13 Invasive Plants, Animals as Prohibited
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Feb 20, 2024
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Minnesota Department of Natural Resources.
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The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources has classified 13 high-risk invasive aquatic plants, fish and invertebrates as prohibited invasive species. The DNR classifies invasive species as prohibited to prevent their introduction and spread in Minnesota and to protect the state’s environment, economy, natural resources and outdoor recreation. It is unlawful to possess, import, purchase, transport or introduce prohibited invasive species, except under a DNR-issued permit for disposal, decontamination, control, research or education.
The prohibition on 12 of the 13 species is effective immediately, with publication of the new listings in today’s State Register. Jumping worms will be prohibited invasive species effective July 1, 2024, to provide additional time for outreach to businesses and others who may be impacted by the rule change. A complete list is available on the DNR invasive species laws website.
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Earthworms Can Jump: Invasive Jumping Worms are also Ecosystem Engineers
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May 3, 2022
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USDA. FS. Southern Research Station. CompassLive.
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A worm is a worm is a worm, right? Except that there are more than 7,000 species of worms, and the longer you look, the more complex their world becomes. Earthworms compete. Earthworms invade. Earthworms… jump?
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Invasive Jumping Worms Can Change Their World
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Apr 22, 2022
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USDA. Forest Service.
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The invasive Asian jumping worm (Amynthas agrestis) has many common names: Alabama jumpers, Jersey wrigglers, wood eel, crazy worms, snake worms, and crazy snake worms. “Invasive Asian jumping worms got their name because of the way they thrash around,” said Mac Callaham, a Forest Service researcher who specializes in soils. “They can flip themselves a foot off the ground.”
Like other earthworms, Asian jumping worms eat tiny pieces of fallen leaves. But there’s a problem. Those fallen leaves make up the top layer of forest soil. The litter layer, as it’s called, is home to a vast number of tiny animals. Many plants can’t grow or spread without the layer of leaf litter. “Soil is the foundation of life – and Asian jumping worms change it,” says Callaham. “In fact, earthworms can have such huge impacts that they’re able to actually reengineer the ecosystems around them.”
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Invasive Jumping Worms Damage U.S. Soil and Threaten Forests
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Sep 29, 2020
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University of Wisconsin-Madison Arboretum.
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What could be more 2020 than an ongoing invasion of jumping worms? These earthworms are wriggling their way across the United States, voraciously devouring protective forest leaf litter and leaving behind bare, denuded soil. They displace other earthworms, centipedes, salamanders and ground-nesting birds, and disrupt forest food chains. They can invade more than five hectares in a single year, changing soil chemistry and microbial communities as they go, new research shows. And they don’t even need mates to reproduce...
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Distribution / Maps / Survey Status
Early Detection & Distribution Mapping System (EDDMapS) - Jumping Worm
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University of Georgia. Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health.
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Provides state, county, point and GIS data. Maps can be downloaded and shared.
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Videos
YouTube - Invasive Jumping Worms: Impacts and Prevention
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Google. YouTube; Minnesota Department of Natural Resources.
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All Resources
View and Filter All Asian Jumping Worm Resources
Selected Resources
The section below contains highly relevant resources for this species, organized by source.
Council or Task Force
Jumping Worm Outreach, Research, and Management (JWORM) Working Group
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Cornell University. New York Invasive Species Research Institute.
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Partnership
Asian Jumping Worms: A Homeowner's Guide
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2021
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Cornell University. New York Invasive Species Research Institute.
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This guide was developed by the Jumping Worm Outreach, Research & Management (JWORM) working group to help homeowners identify and prevent the spread of jumping worms.
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Invasive Species - Jumping Worms
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Western New York Partnership for Regional Invasive Species Management.
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Invasive Species Compendium - Amynthas agrestis
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CAB International.
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NHBugs - Jumping Worms
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University of New Hampshire. Cooperative Extension; New Hampshire Department of Agriculture, Markets & Food.
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Species of Concern - Asian Jumping Worm
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St. Lawrence - Eastern Lake Ontario Partnership For Regional Invasive Species Management (New York).
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Federal Government
Species Spotlight - Crazy Snake-Worm [PDF, 1.12 MB]
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Sep 2017
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DOI. NPS. Northeast Temperate Inventory & Monitoring Network.
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See also: Science Stories for more resources
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Invasion of the Exotic Earthworms!
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DOI. NPS. Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
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State and Local Government
Jumping Worms (Megascolecidae) in Connecticut [PDF, 915 KB]
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Apr 2022
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Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station.
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See also: Invasive Species for more resources
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Identify and Report - Jumping Worms
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Michigan.gov.Michigan Invasive Species Program.
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Invasive Terrestrial Animals: Jumping worm (Amynthas species)
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Minnesota Department of Natural Resources.
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Invasives - Jumping Worms
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Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.
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Jumping/Snake (Amynthas) Worms in Maine
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Maine Department of Agriculture, Conservation, and Forestry.
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Academic
Invasive Species Update - Jumping Worms [PDF, 976 KB]
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Apr 2021
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University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Illinois Extension.
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Jumping Worms
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Sep 2021
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North Carolina State University. Cooperative Extension.
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Asian Jumping Worms: ID, Impact, and Prevention
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2020
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Purdue University. Landscape Report.
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Invasive Species Alert: Jumping Worm – Amynthas spp. [PDF, 815 KB]
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May 2017
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University of Wisconsin-Madison Arboretum.
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See also: Research Update: Jumping Worms and Sleeping Cocoons for more information
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The Asian Jumping Worm (Amynthas spp.)
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2017
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Oregon State University. Oregon Sea Grant.
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Fact Sheets - Jumping/Crazy/Snake Worms – Amynthas spp.
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University of Massachusetts Extension. Landscape, Nursery, and Urban Forestry Program.
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See also: Fact Sheets - Earthworms for all related resources
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Identify Invasive Species - Jumping Worms
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University of Minnesota. Extension.
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Insects, Spiders, Mice & More - Asian Jumping Worms
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University of Nebraska - Lincoln.
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Invasive Jumping Worms
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University of Maryland Extension.
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Jumping Worms in Iowa
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Iowa State University. Extension and Outreach. Horticulture and Home Pest News.
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Nebraska Invasive Species Program - Asian Jumping Worm
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University of Nebraska - Lincoln.
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Professional
Meet the Species - Jumping Worms
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Invasive Species Centre (Ontario).
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Citations
CABI. Invasive Species Compendium. Amynthas agrestis. CAB International. [Accessed Mar 12, 2023].
Laushman, K.M., S.C. Hotchkiss, and B.M. Herrick. 2018. Tracking an invasion: community changes in hardwood forests following the arrival of Amynthas agrestis and Amynthas tokioensis in Wisconsin. Biological Invasions 20(1671–1685).
Schult, N., K. Pittenger, S. Davalos, and D. McHugh. 2016. Phylogeographic analysis of invasive Asian earthworms (Amynthas) in the northeast United States. Invertebrate Biology 135(4):314-327.
Snyder, B.A., M.A. Callaham Jr., and P.F. Hendrix. 2011. Spatial variability of an invasive earthworm (Amynthas agrestis) population and potential impacts on soil characteristics and millipedes in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA. Biological Invasions 13(349–358).